Monday, July 26, 2021

Solar panels, batteries, offgrid living and my brain

 OK this is a post to help me consolidate my thoughts.  I have many different competing priorities and guidelines and many different directions to go.

Goals

  • Spend least amount of money possible
  • acquire hardware that is reliable and won't cause issues or need replacing
  • Provide power while camping off grid to charge phones, batteries for lights, and run CPAP at night
  • Provide power to the house without the need for a generator in the occurrence of power outage at my house.
    • This includes necessities like
      • Freezer
      • Fridge
      • Network Equipment
      • CPAP
      • Lights
      • heating or cooling
    • And nice to haves like
      • Computer
      • TV
      • Cable Box
The pieces of the puzzle I'm currently evaluating
  • Battery for power storage
  • Solar panels for power generation
  • Charge controller to optimize power genration and power storage
  • Inverter to turn DC power into AC power so things that can't run on DC can function
    • Primarily appliances like 
      • stove
      • fridge
      • freezer
Things already in place
  • A solar array consisting of 17 panels combined with an inverter to power my house, it is configured with a grid interconnect allowing me to supplement my household usage with solar power meaning most of my "electricity bill" is in the form of a lease fee to Sunnova
  • A 2nd solar array consisting of 13 panels each with a micro-inverter to supplement the first system
  • A slightly damaged Group 27 lead-acid deep cycle RV battery bought at Costco a few years ago
  • A super cheap (but still over $100) pure sine wave inverter purchased from amazon a few years ago       
  • A roadside emergency jumper/inflate pump with some sized battery in it that is several years old
  • A lithium ion 18650 array of batteries with battery balance board that provides in the ballpark of 14AH at 12V
  • 3 Separate UPS units providing short term power for my computer, my sons' computers and one of the printers that complains the most about losing power.
  • A UPS unit in the networking cabinet that provides power to the core switch and router as well as a couple of switches in the house powered via POE, it provides about 15 minutes of power.
  • A plug in hybrid car that has a 17KWH battery pack in it accessible at 12V through the engine battery
  • A very loud generator that will run for around 9 hours on a gallon-ish of unleaded fuel, but needs to be outside because of noise and pollution and is not wired into the house at all.
The PV system on the house does not include any sort of batteries so it is of no help in this scenario. The car only helps if I get a good enough inverter.  The current inverter won't run the fridge, but will run my computer, or a fan as long as the battery has power in it of course.

Other considerations
  • CPAP uses about 1 amp hour ever hour so I need an amp hour of battery for every hour of sleep I want, and since most batteries can't actually be drained to empty I really need 2 amp hours so as to only ever use 50%.
  • other things that aren't coming to the right now
We are scheduled to go camping this weekend so I need a solution by Wed. night.
If I change nothing what will happen is likely this
    I'll take all the existing batteries and the group 27 battery will last a night, hopefully and the Lithium Ion battery will last a night, perhaps 2.  I will have no way to charge those batteries without solar, and the generator would be noisy and stinky.  We will also use the battery to inflate our air mattress which shouldn't be a lot of power but is at least 1 more thing to be aware of.  If I end up working on a project up there I will need power for power tools like saw, drill and maybe vacuum cleaner?
But projects done during the day could be adequately provided for by the generator and any cordless tools could be charged on that.
I could potentially buy a bigger battery but it is still a finite resource.  I really like the idea of a solar panel set keeping it topped off day by day, but that gets super complicated, with multiple choices around wattage, company, portability, how much do you allow for future expansion and I'm done struggling with it, I'm ready to just say "the heck with it, it'll be what it'll be and we'll deal"
*heavy sigh*

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